A total of 28 adult patients who had increased intracranial pressure were studied for changes of vital sign, urine and hood between single injection of manitol and injections of manitol and steroid simultaneously. Author divided all patients into two main groups,
in the first group(18 patients), 20% mannitol was administered alone intravenously, in second group(10 patients), 20% mannitol and 15mg dexamethasone were intravenous administered simultaneously. The dose of mannitol infusion was 1.5gm to 2.0gm per kilogram of body weight. Before one hour of injection of drugs, blood pressure and pulserate were checked, and also samplings of urine and blood were performed.
After injection of drugs, author had observed changes of blood pressure and pulse rate, urine output, urine specific gravity and urine osmolarity at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, 120minutes, 240 minutes, 360 minutes, and changes of CBC, serum osmolarity and serum electrolytesat 120 minutes, 240 minutes and 360 minutes
The results of present trials are summarized follows:
1. Blood pressure was decreased 11-13mmHg in mean systolic pressure during first 60 minutes after injection of drugs. Pulse rate was increased 8-9 times/min during first 15 minutes. But after that, significant change was not observed in pulse rate.
2. Mean urine output within 6 hours were 1270cc in first group, 1990cc in second group. The majority of which were excreted within 2-4 hours.
3. The value of urine specific gravity was lowest at 15 minutes after injection of drugs and raising slowly from one hour to 6 hours in first group, but in second group, peak value was at 2-4 hours, After that, decreased slowly toward normal value.
4. Changes of urine osmolarity was similar to changes of urine specific gravity but serum osmolarity was not significantly changed.
5. Concentration of serum Na was 130mEg/L before mannitol infusion, 138mEg/L after infusion.
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